1800-1900 cannons research

~1800-1900 Cannons~

1. The Armstrong Gun

These guns were designed by Sir William Armstrong and they were manufactured in England in 1855. The gun was made in certain type called “built up”. This meant that the central iron tube was surrounded by multiple iron coils shrunk over the tube to keep it under tension. It had a cast iron shell with a thin lead coating. Britain used it against China during the Second Opium War.

Manufacturer(s):

• England
• Sweden

Design:

• had a particular system in which a wrought iron tube was surrounded my multiple iron coils to keep it compressed
• had a cast iron shell
• could be opened from the back

Battles:

• Britain Vs. China in the Second Opium War

Ammunition Types:

•  shells with a lead coating

Economic Impacts:

These guns were designed by Sir William Armstrong and they were manufactured in England in 1855. He proposed his cannon to the secretary state for war. It was successful because of its range and accuracy it was produced more from then.

These cannons were mainly used on Royal Navy Ships against forts on land

"Armstrong Gun." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armstrong_gun>.

Sagahan Armstrong Gun at Battle of Ueno. Digital image. Wikipedia. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sagahan_Armstrong_gun_used_at_the_Battle_of_Ueno_against_the_Shogitai_1868.jpg>.

Civil War Armstrong Cannon. Digital image. Cannon Super Store. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. http://www.cannonsuperstore.com/Armstrong/DSC00026.jpg.

~1800-1900 Cannons~

2. The Parrott Rifle

This cannon was especially used during the American Civil War. It was invented by Robert Parker Parrott. It was made out of cast iron which made it accurate but also brittle enough to be damaged by others. At an elevation of about 25-30 degrees, it could reach nearly 7,000 yards.

It was used at the battle of Fort Sumter. The parrot rifles were manufactured in several different sizes, one of the most famous was the rifle called “Swamp Angel” 

 

"Parrott Rifle." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrott_rifle>.

Parrott Rifle. Digital image. Wikipedia. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. <http://www.civilwarartillery.com/cannon/300pdrParrottRifle.jpg>.

Melton, Jack W. "Civil War Artillery." The Civil War Artillery Projectile and Cannon Home Page. Web. 12 Jan. 2011. http://www.civilwarartillery.com/.

"Field Artillery in the American Civil War." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 02 Feb.2011.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_artillery_in_the_American_Civil_War#Parrott_rifles.

Manufacturer(s):

• America

Design:

• made of cast and wrought iron
• muzzle loading rifle artillery
• could be opened in the back

Battles:

• Civil War
• Fort Sumter
• Battle of Hanover

Ammunition Types:

• explosive shells
• grape shot
• chain shot - used against ships
• Case Shot - for exposed troops
• canister shot - most powerful

Economic Impacts

This cannon was especially used during the American Civil War. It was invented by Robert Parker Parrott. They were used by Confederate Forces. They were highly accurate but not very safe so they weren't produced as much.

They were used on land in forts.